Why we must treat arthritis with stem cells

Why we must treat arthritis with stem cells

There is a lot of information about the use of stem cells in various forms of degenerative changes in bone and cartilage tissue. Let’s see why stem cells, and not SVF injections, help with arthritis of various etymologies.

What is SVF Injection

SVF is a stromal vascular France of adipose tissue, that is, in simple words, a part of adipose tissue is taken from the patient (from the abdomen, buttocks ..), immediately divided into fractions of adipose tissue and then injected into the joint bag.

Why SVF Doesn’t Help Arthritis

1) The patient from whom the adipose tissue is taken for injection has a certain age, more often over 40 years old. At this age, there are already enough mutations and damage in cell families, the quality of such cells is far from ideal.

2) A patient with arthritis may have an autoimmune nature of the disease, because their own cells cannot help the patient.

3) The adipose tissue of the patient does not go through the stage of cultivation, in order to achieve maximum cell regeneration, it is injected in the state that was taken from the patient.

4) Adipose tissue is rather weaker than stem cells already differentiated in the laboratory for narrow use (mesenchymal cells, exosomes, chondrocytes)

Why Stem Cells Should Be Used in the Treatment of Arthritis

Stem cells are used as a treatment to repair cartilage. Cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can travel to injury sites or inflamed parts of the body and release several different regenerative factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet factors. derived growth factor.

They can enhance the growth of cartilage and supporting tissues, thereby improving tissue repair. In addition, they also have other more subtle effects. For example, they can reduce the intensity of inflammation as well as prevent an overactive immune response.

Anti-inflammatory effects of stem cells

How did it happen? First, MSCs resist the action of several inflammatory molecules and upregulate the expression of TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TSG-6), which is a protein with multiple anti-inflammatory functions. This reduces macrophage inflammatory signaling and thus attenuates the pro-inflammatory cascade.

In yet another mechanism, MSCs exposed to inflammatory molecules such as lipopolysaccharide, TNF-α, or nitric oxide released from damaged tissues provide negative feedback by releasing prostaglandin E2. This causes a shift in the macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory. Other mechanisms may also be found, possibly involving proteins such as stanniocalcin-1, which counteract damage caused by reactive oxygen species. When cartilage cells are cultured alongside stem cells, they grow better and the extracellular matrix they create around them through secretion, is also much more stable and similar to that found in living cartilage itself.

Based on current knowledge, it appears that umbilical cord MSCs are associated with the greatest improvement, at least in rheumatoid arthritis. However, most stem cell therapies offered today use fat or bone marrow injections, which are not the best forms of stem cells in this condition as stem cells only make up a small percentage of the total cells injected.

 

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